Interns Suing 'Black Swan' Because They Were Interns

• Clearly you don't understand "worst recession since the Great depression" do you not understand? But sure judge people based on your experience, I'm sure it's equivalent.

• Do you even realize how lame that is? If you don't care about the law, you shouldn't be participating in this discussion. It's a LAWsuit, moron. No, you can't sue anything that doesn't go your way, you can sue about things that are actually illegal, and that's what happened here. Your point?

• You have to take intern jobs, because that's the only way anyone will hire you. And many employers take huge advantage of that.

• Not funny, really. More like full of crap. Why isn't the Voice paying those 6 interns a stipend at least?

• Funny. Under previous ownership, the Voice had 32 unpaid interns. Today, we have about 6. We always did think it was funny the old Voice advocated for "progressive" labor reforms while making use of so much free labor.

• Those who are PAID on a set have the opportunity to make those same connections. Its a poor excuse to say one is getting experience in any industry for not being paid. When a budget runs $80 million or higher, what is a few thousand, if that much token amount, to a person interning? They may not be skilled yet or in a union, but they are providing a SERVICE to the staff and crew who can't be bothered to get their own coffee or clean up after themselves.

• I think the real issue is that these kids have no ass hole tolerance.  Sure, I did both film and non industry internships.  You can guess which one has the most pricks.  You have to have kind of a thick skin and sometimes get treated like shit. The thing is, this shouldn't change.  Assholes in the industry tend to also be pretty brilliant.  Their artists in a way.  The film students are used to just dealing with a professor who's gonna be all lax and hold their hand through everything.  That's fine for film school. But when it comes to the movies, nobody's interested in who you were as a student.  You're a nobody before you're a somebody.  I hear about it all the time—the kid in the mailroom, landing that gig later—You gotta use your street smarts a little, and once again  just keep the 'eyes on the prize' But you better believe these kids weren't looking for education.  LOL they want a job! And you get the job from just picking up things as they come, being observant and having good work ethic and just a can-do attitude.  They couldn't even take out the garbage without complaining.  So, how are they going to be when they have to go home at 1 am after a long day.   You wonder why hollywood has so many bars? Cause it's stressful and it is work.  P Film is art, but the art aspect has everything to do with imagining a movie and nothing to do with the movie business.   In order to have good art, you have to have people who you can depend on for everything to help you.  If you can't deal with ass holes, who have every right to be ass holes cause a lot is on the line, you're just not cut out for it.

• Sure, in a sense. But I'm not exactly claiming original credit here -- this is the DOL's interpretation of the law, which carries a fair amount of weight.

• Yeah, I'm kind of shocked that a dude who just graduated film school would throw away all the money he spent on that education by chasing a lawsuit that he almost certainly can't win.  I guess he's assuming that they'll settle, but, now that this case is so prominent, it's in Fox Searchlight's best interest (and, indeed, that of all the studios) to not settle, lest they open the floodgates for every intern to try and get a quick buck.

• The DOL has changed its interpretation of that; it's now “productive work performed by the mentees would be offset by the burden to the employers from the training and supervision provided.”  Which makes a lot of sense -- how much hands on training can an intern get in any field if they aren't allowed to do anything that can benefit the company in any way?

• Rob's got it right.  The only thing I would add is that, in my experience, it's pretty rare to have an intern actually on set.  The obvious reason for this is that shooting a film is too time-sensitive and they don't have a lot of time to waste on training an intern and then making sure he does it right.  That's why internships tend to be in the production office.  A decent-sized shoot will already have a union trainee or two anyway, and that's more than enough.  That's definitely why you virtually never see "lighting intern" or "sound intern", because nobody wants to put important stuff that already takes too much time in most people's opinion in the hands of unskilled workers.

• "Would you prefer to serve coffee and clean offices in an internship (unpaid or not), or would you prefer that internships work as they are defined, as future career training?" It isn't mutually exclusive, and that's what people who haven't work in film don't seem to realize, and is why they react so strongly in this case. It breaks down like this; in all my film experience, I'm only aware of one place that trains you specifically to be a PA, and that's a school in LA that charges a silly amount of money to "train" you.  There is also a program in NYC where, in exchange for tax credits, productions can hire on parolees as PAs; they get a one day training which basically consists of being told "never ever sit down and don't talk back to anybody."  Beyond that, there's nothing.  But it's even worse than that -- most people who have gone to film school have received the sort of training that you have to unlearn.  On a film school set, everybody is encouraged to help out, even the PA.  On a real set, a PA acting like he was on a film school set will be fired, and that's why they rarely hire people to be PAs out of film school. The internship on a film production *is* a valuable learning tool.  You learn how to behave and what you will be expected to do if you want to work on a film set.  Many people I knew in school finished their internship and switched majors, because they realized they definitely didn't want to work in film -- isn't that a good thing to learn while you're still in school?  The people who wanted to all managed to parlay their internships into paid gigs, because they now had experience working on an actual film production and had made connections.  The comparison to "network development" is a bit of apples and oranges.  A film internship can only lead to one future job -- you'll get a production assistant job.  It may be in a specific department, but it's still the only job an internship will lead to.  And, so, yes, menial labor is an important part of that job.  Getting 100 lunch orders exactly right and delivered quickly *is* an important part of being a PA, just as learning how to develop a network is important to be a network developer.  The thing to remember is that working on a film set in most capacities *is* a terrible job.  And it sounds like the kid here learned that.  (The other guy, the older accountant, I honestly don't see how anybody can argue that he didn't receive the training he wanted or get relevant experience out of it.)

• No, it's your interpretation of the law.

• "Under the FLSA, if the employer derives "immediate advantage" from the intern's work, then the intern should be paid at least minimum wage." Not if the advantage is offset by the cost to the employer.

• You guys are ridiculous. While you're over here arguing law, the people in the industry are teaching you about reality. In reality Fox will just settle this case and go on doing what they do. Meanwhile I hope these bums get something good out of it because they will never work again.

• Duyo:  You have absolutely failed to discuss the FLSA in any substantive manner. As you may not know, in most circumstances, someone cannot agree to a violation of the law. For example, I cannot agree to allow you to kill me - that is still a homicide. Similarly, interns cannot agree to a violation of the FLSA.Look at the black letter law. The law is there for a purpose. Now you can disagree with the law, and you are free to do so. But you cannot ignore the fact that the law does exist, and it protects interns. You cannot attack interns for seeking the protections they are legally allowed under the law. I wonder whether you attack victims of spousal abuse under the theory that they knew the spouse was violent and therefore shouldn’t be protected under the law?It may surprise you, but many unpaid interns work above the expectations of their supervisors, yet are unable to break into the industry, and never had a foot in the door in the first place because no matter how good they performed, the company they worked at would never hire them. So all the intern gains is experiences that he/she cannot use anywhere else.It is disturbing, and down-right un-American to say that someone should work without being paid for their labor. That is not the principle that this country was built on. The American dream is that if you work hard, you will be rewarded, not taken advantage of or exploited.

• Jwojciechowski  You are my hero. You have saved me so much time that I would have had to spend schooling these ignorant ass-kissers about what the law actually is, and why it is admirable that these interns stood up for their rights. You rock jwojciechowski!!!

• You know who does care about the law? The courts. I interned extensively in Hollywood. I agree that there is a great deal of intangible value to the experience, coffee runs, demeaning personal errands and all. However, I've also long been of the belief that we in the entertainment industry would have a huge potential legal mess on our hands if our internship practices ever got into the courts. The reality is that our accepted practices absolutely violate minimum wage laws. The sad part is, these two pricks are the only ones who are going to get paid handsomely when Fox settles this to avoid a costly class action suit and the good soldiers who didn't speak up will still be begging to get on a set or a desk. The question is, will companies start looking at unpaid internships as the enormous liabilities that they are?

• Well the courts hear this case.  They will be reading the law correctly (aka literally).  And it's not a boring question, it's a case with money involved.  Why can't this get through your head? They agreed to intern for no money. So therefore, THEY GET NO MONEY.  And they will be looking at the 'factual laws' in their official statute books and agree with me! They will not be paying any attention whatsoever to what a nobody like you wishes the law was.  As I said, being an intern kinda sucks and you are a bitch.  But that is what they signed up for! 

• I want people to feel like they are entitled to be paid for their labor. You want people to feel like they have to earn the right to work for pay. One of us has some odd 16th-century notions of freedom and labor. Hint: it's not me. You almost captured my pov exactly. Replace PEOPLE with INTERNS.  If they wanna get paid, take a real job and forfeit probably the easiest pathway into breaking into a difficult industry.  

• I wish my comment would get through moderation. I had a lot of good stuff in there. 1. DOL regulations say that this is not a valid unpaid internship. Since I can't post the link, apparently, without it getting flagged for moderation and never posted, you'll just have to find it yourself. Someone pasted it on this page, so it should be easy to google to see the rest. 2. You can't contract away all your rights. Some rights can be waived, others can't. Minimum wage is in the latter category. If you sign a contract that calls for $2/day in pay, that contract is unenforceable. That's not my opinion or my la-la-land bubble. That's a fact about the law.

• I'm not against paying interns in the future.  Whatever.  But why should these morons receive any money when they AGREED to do it for free.  There is no case here, buddy. Yeah, I want people to be paid for their labor...when there is a contract that says the company has to.  Case closed dude.  And uh that little 16th century comment...one of us is living in a bubble in the middle of la la land.  Take a stand against real labor issues if you are so passionate about it.  This is not your case.  

• My reading of the law isn't literal. My reading of the law is correct. There's a difference. Jax's question wasn't asking "When do the companies become abusive under the law." That's a boring question that doesn't need opinions to come weighing in because it has a factual answer in the statute books. What if Jax had asked about "taking advantage" rather than "abuse"? Where do we draw the line there? What don't these people deserve? To be paid for their labor, right? That's your basic contention? And you recognize that this contention is contrary to the law?

• I want people to feel like they are entitled to be paid for their labor. You want people to feel like they have to earn the right to work for pay. One of us has some odd 16th-century notions of freedom and labor. Hint: it's not me.

• Oh and why should I get a less literal definition of abuse when you are reading the law so literally.  There are laws for what abuse is just as there are laws for what unpaid labor is so please read them both literally.  Oh and don't trivialize actual unpaid labor by comparing it to the plights of two fucking idiots.  They are giving you an example of what stupid people do when they want something they don't deserve. 

• Rational people know how to keep their mouth shut when they could get fired.  Rational people don't try claiming that someone who voluntarily took a position as an intern is a slave.  There is nothing wrong with asking an intern to take out the garbage and leaving it up to him to stand out.  Both these interns and you are very naive. Please don't let other naive people read YOUR GARBAGE and make them feel like they are entitled to something before they earn it.  

• Get a less literal definition of "abuse." Take an extreme example: slavery is inherently abusive whether the slave is hit or not. Right? That doesn't mean that interning is necessarily abusive, but it does, I think, show that your definition of "abuse" isn't tenable. I love the idea that the film industry is full of rational people. That's probably the funniest part of this entire comment thread.

• That's a great question.  Here are my answers.  It becomes abuse when the standard of abuse for any employee paid or unpaid is breached (ie, they slap you, hit you).  Obviously, being told to make coffee and throw out the garbage is not abuse in any shape or form.  That's just part of it. My 2nd answer to when it becomes abusive is...Aha! when it feels abusive to you.  That's when you quit.  And simultaneously, that's when you probably have to do some self-reflection and consider whether or not you are capable of surviving in this business. In no way, I am trying to understate the frustration and difficulty you can have being an intern.  Yep, it's hard. But in a way, the system is perfect.  It weeds out the nobodies and helps hardworking, capable, creative and RATIONAL people get their dream job later.  

• They can...because they can LEGALLY.  You shouldn't compare unpaid labor to interning, because that is ridiculous.  These idiots agreed to a contract. Done.  Secondly, idiot, you and I are not having a debate.  I am educating you on how shit works in this industry and in the real world.   Now if you are trying to educate me on law, you're going to make an ass out of yourself when a judge laughs this ridiculous case out of the court room.

• Fair enough. But at what point does it become abusive?  And at what point do companies who take advantage of this system, pay for it? 

• "But! they don't have to! Because that's how it is when you're an intern." You should trade your internship for some lessons in debate. That's a horrible argument. Here, you can learn from me. Here's your argument: 1. companies could pay interns 2. companies don't pay interns 3. because that's how it is Here's how an actual argument that uses both logic and evidence would go: 1. it is the law that employees must be paid 2. you are an employee unless you are a legitimate intern or volunteer 3. you are not a legitimate intern if your job is doing things like making coffee and taking out the trash If you can manage something of that form that explains why billion-dollar companies should not be expected to follow the law, I'd love to hear it. "Live off ramen until you get the money.  It's not that hard. Boo hoo!" It is if you literally have no money. Like actually none. Forget the ramen -- who's paying the rent?

• This isn't unpaid labor wise guy.  These are fools that couldn't realize that what they were getting compensated with--invaluable industry experience--was all fucking around them.  In answer to your question: they can pay minimum wage. But! they don't have to! Because that's how it is when you're an intern.  And judging by your empathy for these overzealous idiots that decided to sue their employers, I don't think you would be a very good intern whatsoever. Here's the problem, I'm telling you the truth and you have the ability to learn from it.  Sometimes learning experiences are a bit abstract and you have to take a step back to learn from it.  I would not trade anything for my unpaid internship and the things that I was smart enough to learn from it. You're getting experience.  Live off ramen until you get the money.  It's not that hard. Boo hoo!

• You just seriously compared jaywalking to unpaid labor. Every single thing you've listed as something unpaid interns should do is something paid entry-level employees should do. Explain to me why a company cannot pay minimum wage to the 20-year-old who makes coffee and is trying to learn the business, make connections, get noticed. Just, you know, for the record.

• The proof is that it happened to me and other people I know and we all share the same characteristics in that we do not complain when we are given shit to do, because we recognize that it's not really shit.  It's work.  The people who fail incidentally, all share the same characteristics too.  As I said, it's pretty black and white.  You either got it or you don't and I hope it remains this way.

• And we aren't the rest.  You seem like you probably do a good job.  The issue, no offense, is that you're just a little naive.  These kids were experienced 'future career training' but were just too dumb to realize it.  I hope they don't see a penny because they do not deserve it.

• okay, you get caught jaywalking and get a ticket. That's a pretty silly law. And most of the time it is not enforced and people seem to be okay with it.  It's the same standard in the film industry, you're kind of making a non-verbal agreement that it's your job to pursue the educational aspect if you want it.  It's called being a go-getter and you get rewarded for it.  I know.  It's called being a professional.  These menial tasks don't have to be menial if you have an attitude that reflects 'eyes on the prize'.  Show that you do things quickly, volunteer to leave when the head of the company leaves.  In short, show that you really care about what goes on as much as the real players do and YOU WILL GET NOTICED.  This isn't a secret by the way.  Be the best damn unpaid intern you can be, and you'll start to see the $$ soon enough and laugh about the stupid shit you do.  Either you got it or you don't, and whether we are talking law or not, it doesn't really matter to me or anybody else that actually works in this business.  For the record, you just don't get it.  And that's okay because there are plenty of really creative, bubbly, eccentric and  hardworking people that do and I guarantee you they all agree with me.

• And production companies are entitled to their illegal position that get the pants sued off of them. This isn't my "opinion," by the way -- this is the law.

• You're entitled to your opinion, but no production company will ever hire you. And justifiably so.

• It's pretty black and white.  Either you are cut out for it or you are not.  Wake up! This is the real world and it seems to me these youngins got plenty of experience and valuable contacts.  Too bad they threw it down the drain when they decided to become little bitches.  Bye bye film career. 

• Yeah, I really don't care about the legal aspect.  I'm not interested in arguing law so you can put those excerpts away.  I was just  saying that they could have made the most of the internship and learned something.  Lots of things aren't fair in life, that's why you have to work at it.  You can't just sue every time something doesn't go your way.

• Ok, maybe that sounded a little hostile, but the difference is, Film is not like any other job.  You are a network engineer.  Your interns go to college to learn the skills needed for that job.  When they intern they expect to learn the real world applications of that.  In film, almost everyone is freelance, and everyone has a different job (most that you can't go to school and learn).  Interns work on a film need to learn the dynamics of a production office, or film set and learn what job they really want to pursue.  You may go through film school like my wife and then discover that you weren't even exposed to what you really wanted to learn about which was being a prop master, or a designer, or set decorator.  The point is you can't learn that until you're there, and that's the point of an internship.  Whatever they may be doing, they're learning how it all works.  You may think its not fair, but you don't have to take the internship.

• Also the WHD (Wage and Hour Division) of the US Labor Board states that the following 6 criteria must be met for unpaid interns and their employers. The internship, even though it includes actual operation of the facilities of the employer, is similar to training which would be given in an educational environment. The internship experience is for the benefit of the intern. (Relevant) The intern does not displace regular employees, but works under close supervision of existing staff.The employer that provides the training *derives no immediate advantage from the activities of the intern*; and on occasion its operations may actually be impeded. (You read that correctly?? The employer MAY NOT DERIVE AN ADVANTAGE FROM AN UNPAID INTERN.)The intern is not necessarily entitled to a job at the conclusion of the internship,The employer and the intern understand that the intern is not entitled to wages for the time spent in the internship.

• You cannot prove any of the statements you just made. You don't know the situation between the interns and Fox Searchlight, and have no facts to support the statement that they 'could have learned so much more'. You also didn't answer my question.

• CLEARLY.

• Ok well keep talking out of your ass, because you obviously know better than someone who has worked for free on films and now gets paid to do it.  YOU would know how its supposed to work.  Maybe I should make myself clear.  These interns could have learned so much more than just making coffee and cleaning up the office, but they obviously just stuck to getting lunch, etc and didn't use the opportunity to meet people and learn about the other jobs that the people in the office were doing.  Or maybe they just didn't tell you about the other experiences they had, so they could start this frivolous lawsuit.  Either way, its their fault if they didn't learn anything from the experience and use it to their advantage.   

• To all of the people who are stating we don't understand the 'industry' and this is how internships work, I have a question. Would you prefer to serve coffee and clean offices in an internship (unpaid or not), or would you prefer that internships work as they are defined, as future career training? I am a network engineer and my company has interns, both paid and unpaid. Neither type serve me coffee or clean my office. They assist with beginner network development. The joke is on you if you think this is okay, just because "that's how it is". The truth is, that is not how it is for the rest of us.

• Yeah well its not "indentured servitude."  They are not contracted to stay in the internship.  They are there for the experience, and there to meet people and learn how the business works.  If they feel they aren't getting anything out of it they can kindly leave.  I'm sorry but even when you are a paid crew member, sometimes you get coffee.  Sometimes you take out the trash.  You do what it takes to get the job done.  Maybe you think everyone should go right to being a Prop master, or Decorator, etc.  but that's not how it works.  They can't just hire someone who has no idea what they're doing.  You act like they get nothing out of it.

• I bet these kids are going to site to their trash removing experience as a seminal moment in their film making careers!

• Clearly you don't understand that just because the violation of the law is widespread does not mean it is not unlawful. 

• Don't you think that's a bit nit-picky?  I didn't even notice the slight until you pointed it out, if that's how it was intended.

• Interns aren't qualified for most entry level jobs. Most of them are in-experienced delusional  idiots. If there weren't unpaid internships these people wouldn't get to work in their desired field.

• You don't read "auteur" with sarcasm? I do.

• Good for him.  But when did they mock his work as a student film-maker?  Him being an intern on this movie was not work as a student film-maker.  They mocked his interning complaints.  There is no critique on his film-making abilities.  Missed again ass.

• That's the point though.  You don't have to take the intern jobs.  You and everyone else can pass them by.  I agree, there are some really foolish ads out there expecting people to have knowledge and skills equal to a union crew and expecting to pay little or nothing.  The best thing you can do is laugh at the ad, or even bring attention to it on your local google group, or to the art community where its posted, but to sue is self defeating.  Now the guy will never get a film job. I agree with you, once you've worked as an intern once or twice you've probably gotten everything out of it that you can.  Work those contacts, or find a new line of work.

• Missed again. The link at the end was to a student film Footman made.

• Please, if you would, distinguish unpaid internships from indentured servitude. If you can, then great. If you can't, then beg your editor to remove this rancid trash from the internet before it becomes a permanent stain on your record. The law is the fucking law for a reason. If an internship is to be unpaid, it must be primarily for the benefit of the intern, not the employer. Please note on which side of the line making coffee falls. The facts alleged are not whining -- they actually establish the case that what Fox Searchlight did is illegal. Not "violating regulations," like it's some minor technicality. It is illegal. Take your bitching about other people's lives and shove it up your obviously over-privileged ass.

• You've mocked an entirely legitimate claim of labor abuse for the sole purpose of writing this smarmy piece of shit, way to go.

• Footman was not a student filmmaker.  He was an intern.  There is a difference.

• As someone who also worked numerous unpaid film jobs with the title "intern" its hard to choose a side here.  Yea yea "pay your dues"  "make connections"  "we all did it"  Right ive heard it.  But like someone else has mentioned, these unpaid internships destroy entry level jobs.  Go to Craigslist and look at want ads in film.  90% of them are unpaid "intern" positions.  And usually require some experience.  The unpaid intern concept is no longer being used to help a college student gain practical experience, but mostly to get free labor. Sometimes being an intern feels more like hazing than helping. A lawsuit though?  Thats a bit much.

• "This is known everywhere" = economic exploitation of the underclass. Why is that ok?

• Not the fucking point, Rob. Indentured servitude was how people got to America back in the day, too. Pretty sure that's not ok.

• Is it really necessary to mock Footman's work as a student filmmaker? Irrelevant.

• Like people have said above, an internship is for the experience and not for the pay.  If you don't work in the industry then you don't know how dependent you are on making the right connections.  An internship like this could have gotten them work for years afterwards, but because they didn't do a good job, and decided to sue instead, they get nothing out of it.  Think of all of the people that they could have met on a set like this.  No one forced this person to intern, they chose to.  I think you should know what you're talking about before you comment.  

• A snide, shortsighted, reactionary piece.  I remember when the Voice patterned itself after the best examples of progressive journalism.  Now it patterns itself after Gawker.  No wonder you'll be out of business in a couple of years.  Interning, I hope.

• Do you know how many different industries have "unpaid internships"?  Because it's about gaining the experience.  Not about the money.  This is known everywhere.  If you want to get paid, then apply for a job or simply look for listings that make it clear that they are "paid" internships.  Do you know how many dedicated film students would've killed for an opportunity to be on a set like that?  

• Wow, depressing to read this nasty, uninformed piece that belongs in the NY Post or some other Murdoch pub and most of the comments. Unpaid internships are a huge problem, devaluing labor, eliminating entry-level jobs and putting up barriers to enter fields to all but the wealthy who can afford to work for free. Most important, as the first commenter pointed out but as Rosie Gray does not appear to have discovered, the law is very clear in prohibiting this type of unpaid internship. Does Rosie realize why the Voice gives her paid vacation and sick days? Uh, ultimately it's because of the threat of lawsuits. If no one ever sues to enforce labor/employment laws, businesses will ignore them. I also agree with the commenter who takes issue with the "bizarrely old" description. Extremely snide and disrespectful. Is this the tone of the Voice these days? Ugh. 

• Maybe bizarrely old for someone who takes an internship to start a new career and then can't even do that right so he sues, thereby ending his new career? Its not ageism to say its strange for a 40 something to be interning on a film set if it really is strange.

• Was the "bizarrely old" comment necessary? People change careers throughout life. The fastest way to start over, at any age, is to do an unpaid internship. However, the fastest way to end a career is sue your employer.

• Obviously you have never worked in the industry.  This is how you get work.  You intern, people see that you're a hard worker, and the next time there's a project, you're a production assistant.  They knew exactly what they were doing when they signed up, and if they didn't they can always quit like the article says.  Obviously they were not cut out to work in film.  You have no point Nikc15.

• and ACK this posted as a really unfortunate tumblr i had in high school

• this makes me ashamed to call myself an intern. and runnin' scared internship = best thing ever. all offers to bring you and jen food or coffee have been TURNED DOWN.

• As a formerly overworked and unpaid intern/assistant at a film company, I couldn't agree more with the sentiment of this article.  Cry me a river interns, cry me a river.

• Firstly, the law clearly is in favor of these two interns. Under the FLSA, if the employer derives "immediate advantage" from the intern's work, then the intern should be paid at least minimum wage. These big corporate defendants should have known better, and treated their workers fairly.   Secondly, it is only fair and just that these workers be paid. How do we expect them to survive without pay? Do we really want this cycle to continue, where interns work exceptionally hard for little or no pay?   Thirdly, it is sad, and disturbing that working for free has become the norm. That is a very un-American idea. That is not the American dream. Wake up people!! Do we really want to support a system where big corporations continue to get rich off the sweat and hard work of poor students?   I commend this law firm, and the interns for standing up to corporate greed and exploitation. In these difficult economic times, I predict that we will see more and more unpaid interns coming forward and fighting back against big for-profit companies that have taken advantage of them for too long.

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